{"id":55485,"date":"2020-09-04T08:41:36","date_gmt":"2020-09-04T06:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/?p=55485"},"modified":"2025-08-28T15:41:33","modified_gmt":"2025-08-28T13:41:33","slug":"preco-nesmieme-podchladeneho-cloveka-prilis-rychlo-zahriat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/preco-nesmieme-podchladeneho-cloveka-prilis-rychlo-zahriat\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do nesmieme podchladen\u00e9ho \u010dloveka pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchlo zahria\u0165?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Podchladenie, odborne hypotermia, je stav, kedy telesn\u00e1 teplota kles\u00e1 pod 35 stup\u0148ov celzia. Stav pod 32 stup\u0148ov potom vy\u017eaduje neodkladn\u00fa lek\u00e1rsku starostlivos\u0165. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

K vzniku hypotermie doch\u00e1dza vplyvom pobytu v chladnom prostred\u00ed, \u010dasto v spojitosti s alkoholovou \u010di inou intoxik\u00e1ciou.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Rozvojom hypotermie s\u00fa ohrozen\u00e9 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm osoby bez domova, alkoholici a \u013eudia trpiaci malnutr\u00edciou alebo hypotyre\u00f3zou, ktor\u00e9 zni\u017euj\u00fa intenzitu metabolizmu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na pokles telesnej teploty reaguje termoregula\u010dn\u00e9 centrum v hypotalame aktiv\u00e1ciou mechanizmov, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa bu\u010f strat\u00e1m tepla zabr\u00e1ni\u0165, alebo teplo akt\u00edvne tvori\u0165. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ide najm\u00e4 o svalov\u00fd tras, ko\u017en\u00fa vazokonstrikciu (stiahnutie ciev, ktor\u00e9 v \u0165a\u017e\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadoch vedie a\u017e k centraliz\u00e1cii obehu v telesnom jadre) a vyplaven\u00ed stresov\u00fdch horm\u00f3nov katecholam\u00ednov. V\u010faka t\u00fdmto mechanizmom je telo schopn\u00e9 kompenzova\u0165 straty tepla a\u017e do 33 stup\u0148ov celzia. <\/span><\/p>\n

Pre\u010do v\u0161ak podchladen\u00e9ho \u010dloveka nem\u00f4\u017eeme len tak ohria\u0165 ve\u013emi hor\u00facim k\u00fape\u013eom?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ako u\u017e bolo spomenut\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie, po\u010das ko\u017enej vazokonstrikcie doch\u00e1dza k centraliz\u00e1cii obehu, \u010do m\u00e1 spolo\u010dne so zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm sekr\u00e9cie antidiuretick\u00e9ho horm\u00f3nu vplyv na zv\u00fd\u0161enie diur\u00e9zy (mo\u010denie). Ide o tzv. chladov\u00fa diur\u00e9zu. T\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 tak\u00e1 mas\u00edvna, \u017ee sp\u00f4sob\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fa hypovol\u00e9miu a t\u00fdm zn\u00ed\u017eenie krvn\u00e9ho tlaku. K\u00fdm je \u010dlovek podchladen\u00fd a m\u00e1 kontrahovan\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00e9 cievy, je t\u00e1to vol\u00e9mia maskovan\u00e1 (preto\u017ee sa krv nach\u00e1dza predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v telesnom jadre, kde jej sta\u010d\u00ed menej). Akon\u00e1hle v\u0161ak podchladen\u00e9ho \u010dloveka zahrejeme, d\u00f4jde k vazodilat\u00e1cii v perif\u00e9rii, odtoku krvi z telesn\u00e9ho jadra a t\u00fdm zlyhaniu cirkul\u00e1cie. Osoba potom nem\u00e1 dostato\u010dne krvou z\u00e1soben\u00fd mozog, doch\u00e1dza k strate vedomia a ohrozeniu na \u017eivote. <\/span><\/p>\n

Z tohto d\u00f4vodu zahrievame postihnut\u00e9ho predov\u0161etk\u00fdm pas\u00edvne pomocou prikr\u00fdvky, tepl\u00e9ho oble\u010denia, alebo izotermickej f\u00f3lie. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ho izolujeme od studenej zeme. Pod\u00e1vame tepl\u00e9 n\u00e1poje, pri\u010dom nikdy nie alkoholick\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 by iba podporili \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u00fanik tepla. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kontrolujeme stav vedomia a pri z\u00e1va\u017enom podchladen\u00ed (pod 32 stup\u0148ov, ktor\u00e1 sa prejavuje napr. poruchami vedomia a spomalen\u00edm dychu i tepu) okam\u017eite vol\u00e1me zdravotn\u00edcku z\u00e1chrann\u00fa slu\u017ebu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vedeli ste o existencii chladovej diur\u00e9zy? A dok\u00e1zali by ste si s hypotermiou v r\u00e1mci prvej pomoci poradi\u0165? <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Podchladenie, odborne hypotermia, je stav, kedy telesn\u00e1 teplota kles\u00e1 pod 35 stup\u0148ov celzia. Stav pod 32 stup\u0148ov potom vy\u017eaduje neodkladn\u00fa lek\u00e1rsku starostlivos\u0165.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":22996,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[188],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zaujimavosti"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55485"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55488,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55485\/revisions\/55488"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}