{"id":55496,"date":"2025-08-28T16:03:44","date_gmt":"2025-08-28T14:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/?p=55496"},"modified":"2025-08-28T16:13:29","modified_gmt":"2025-08-28T14:13:29","slug":"spankova-paralyza-povera-alebo-skutocny-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/spankova-paralyza-povera-alebo-skutocny-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza. Povera, alebo skuto\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ur\u010dite ste sa u\u017e niekedy stretli s niek\u00fdm, kto v\u00e1m rozpr\u00e1val o tom, ako sa uprostred noci prebudil a nemohol sa h\u00fdba\u0165. Alebo sa to u\u017e dokonca stalo v\u00e1m samotn\u00fdm. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza je fenom\u00e9n, ktor\u00fd \u013eudstvo tr\u00e1pi u\u017e od nepam\u00e4ti a v minulosti bol in\u0161pir\u00e1ciou pre najr\u00f4znej\u0161ie povery a nesk\u00f4r aj kon\u0161pira\u010dn\u00e9 te\u00f3rie, ako napr\u00edklad \u00fanosy mimozemskou civiliz\u00e1ciou. Ide v\u0161ak iba o psychick\u00fd probl\u00e9m, alebo je pravda, \u017ee niektor\u00ed \u013eudia v sp\u00e1nku skuto\u010dne na chv\u00ed\u013eu skamenia? <\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza je ofici\u00e1lne definovan\u00e1 ako stav, objavuj\u00faci sa po\u010das zasp\u00e1vania alebo naopak pri preb\u00fadzan\u00ed. Osoba v tejto dobe nie je schopn\u00e1 h\u00fdba\u0165 sa, ani hovori\u0165, hoci si uvedomuje \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fa bdelos\u0165. <\/p>\n

Po\u010das tejto epiz\u00f3dy sa u mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed objavuj\u00fa najr\u00f4znej\u0161ie halucin\u00e1cie, a to ako sluchov\u00e9, tak vizu\u00e1lne. \u013dudia po\u010duj\u00fa pribli\u017euj\u00face sa kroky, \u0161ramot, u niektor\u00fdch sa dokonca v miestnosti z tie\u0148ov zhmot\u0148uj\u00fa d\u00e9monick\u00e9 postavy a duchovia. Mnoh\u00ed sa nem\u00f4\u017eu nad\u00fdchnu\u0165 a maj\u00fa pocit, ako by im niekto tla\u010dil na hrudn\u00edk. Niekedy sa dokonca dostav\u00ed pocit tzv. mimotelovej sk\u00fasenosti.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u0161eobecne sa jedn\u00e1 o ve\u013emi nepr\u00edjemn\u00fd a sk\u013eu\u010duj\u00faci z\u00e1\u017eitok trvaj\u00faci a\u017e nieko\u013eko min\u00fat, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k psychick\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom a strachu zo zasp\u00e1vania. Pre\u010do k tomu ale v\u00f4bec doch\u00e1dza? <\/p>\n

Po\u010das sp\u00e1nku prech\u00e1dzame nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi f\u00e1zami. T\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 n\u00e1s zauj\u00edma v spojitosti so sp\u00e1nkovou paral\u00fdzou, je tzv. REM f\u00e1za (rapid eye movement), v ktorej sa n\u00e1m be\u017ene sn\u00edvaj\u00fa sny. Aby sme v\u0161ak po\u010das sn\u00edvania neubl\u00ed\u017eili sebe, ani svojmu okoliu, doch\u00e1dza k at\u00f3nii (ochabnutosti) ve\u013ek\u00fdch svalov a strate schopnosti s nimi pohybova\u0165. Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza potom nast\u00e1va, ke\u010f REM f\u00e1za presiahne do \u0161t\u00e1di\u00ed bdelosti.<\/p>\n

Patofyziol\u00f3gia sp\u00e1nku e\u0161te nebola konkr\u00e9tne identifikovan\u00e1. Jednu z pravdepodobn\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din popisuje te\u00f3ria, pod\u013ea ktorej s\u00fa cholinergn\u00e9 skupiny neur\u00f3nov (zodpovedn\u00e9 za REM sp\u00e1nok) hyperaktivovan\u00e9, zatia\u013e \u010do seroton\u00ednov\u00e9 neur\u00f3ny, sp\u00f4sobuj\u00face prechod do stavu bdelosti, nie s\u00fa aktivovan\u00e9 dostato\u010dne. Z tohto d\u00f4vodu potom nie s\u00fa seroton\u00ednov\u00e9 neur\u00f3ny schopn\u00e9 prekona\u0165 sign\u00e1ly vysielan\u00e9 t\u00fdmi cholinergn\u00fdmi a \u010dlovek potom napoly sp\u00ed a napoly bdie. In\u00e9 te\u00f3rie potom spom\u00ednaj\u00fa oneskorenie funkcie \u010dasti mozgu zvanej Varolov most, ktor\u00e1 za paral\u00fdzu svalstva zodpoved\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Ud\u00e1va sa, \u017ee po\u010das \u017eivota za\u017eije minim\u00e1lne jednu epiz\u00f3du sp\u00e1nkovej paral\u00fdzy (s r\u00f4znou intenzitou) a\u017e 30 % popul\u00e1cie. Okolo 5% \u013eud\u00ed sa potom s paral\u00fdzou stret\u00e1va opakovane. Ove\u013ea \u010dastej\u0161ie sa objavuje po\u010das denn\u00fdch \u201e\u0161lof\u00edkov\u201c, ne\u017e pri no\u010dnom sp\u00e1nku. Za sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u010de je pova\u017eovan\u00fd najm\u00e4 nepravideln\u00fd sp\u00e1nkov\u00fd re\u017eim, sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 depriv\u00e1cia, \u00fazkos\u0165, depresia, stres, pitie alkoholu alebo u\u017e\u00edvanie niektor\u00fdch liekov. Z nieko\u013ek\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed dokonca vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee tu m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 svoj vplyv aj genetick\u00e1 predispoz\u00edcia.<\/p>\n

A ako sa sp\u00e1nkovej paral\u00fdze br\u00e1ni\u0165?<\/p>\n

Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ia je prevencia. Chodi\u0165 spa\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 v podobn\u00fa dobu a sna\u017ei\u0165 sa spa\u0165 v\u017edy rovnako dlho. Pravidelne cvi\u010di\u0165 (ale v\u017edy sk\u00f4r ako 4 hodiny pred span\u00edm). Pred pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm sp\u00e1nkom sa vyvarova\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fdm porci\u00e1m jedla, cigaret\u00e1m, alkoholu a kofe\u00ednov\u00fdm n\u00e1pojom. A tie\u017e sa pri zasp\u00e1van\u00ed vyhn\u00fa\u0165 polohe na chrbte, pri ktorej sa sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza objavuje \u010dastej\u0161ie. <\/p>\n

Pokia\u013e v\u0161ak u v\u00e1s paral\u00fdza aj tak nastane, sk\u00faste nepanik\u00e1ri\u0165. Sna\u017ete sa neotv\u00e1ra\u0165 o\u010di a pokojne d\u00fdcha\u0165 (ak je to mo\u017en\u00e9). D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je uvedomi\u0165 si, \u017ee v\u00e1m v skuto\u010dnosti \u017eiadne nebezpe\u010denstvo nehroz\u00ed a pok\u00fasi\u0165 sa rozh\u00fdba\u0165 telo od prstov na ruk\u00e1ch a noh\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa inhibovan\u00e9 tak ve\u013emi, ako napr\u00edklad ve\u013ek\u00e9 svaly kon\u010dat\u00edn. <\/p>\n

Ak sa sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza objavuje ve\u013emi \u010dasto a s nesnesite\u013enou intenzitou, nie je \u017eiadna hanba vyh\u013eada\u0165 pomoc. Pozit\u00edvny vplyv m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 terapia s psychol\u00f3gom, v z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161om pr\u00edpade potom u\u017e\u00edvanie niektor\u00fdch antidepres\u00edv. <\/p>\n

Za\u017eili ste sp\u00e1nkov\u00fa paral\u00fdzu? A ako si v takejto situ\u00e1cii rad\u00edte? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ur\u010dite ste sa u\u017e niekedy stretli s niek\u00fdm, kto v\u00e1m rozpr\u00e1val o tom, ako sa uprostred noci prebudil a nemohol sa h\u00fdba\u0165. Alebo sa to u\u017e dokonca stalo v\u00e1m samotn\u00fdm. Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza je fenom\u00e9n, ktor\u00fd \u013eudstvo tr\u00e1pi u\u017e od nepam\u00e4ti a v minulosti bol in\u0161pir\u00e1ciou pre najr\u00f4znej\u0161ie povery a nesk\u00f4r aj kon\u0161pira\u010dn\u00e9 te\u00f3rie, ako napr\u00edklad \u00fanosy mimozemskou […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":22990,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[188],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55496","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zaujimavosti"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55496","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55496"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55496\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55501,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55496\/revisions\/55501"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22990"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmedic.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}